Montrose feared that Charles would accept a compromise, and so chose to invade mainland Scotland anyway. BRABANT, Duché, Charles II (1665-1700), AV double souverain, 1697, Anvers. Protestant conspirators formulated the Rye House Plot, a plan to murder him and the Duke of York as they returned to London after horse races in Newmarket. [37] Charles, with his family and court, fled London in July to Salisbury; Parliament met in Oxford. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Charles endeavoured to ensure that the Treaty—especially the conversion clause—remained secret. 185; W. 1049 (de poids double); V.H. Charles II (1665-1700). The crowning of King Charles II, frontispiece from. Saive Numismatique, membre du Snennp, vente en ligne de monnaies anciennes de collection, or de bourse, livres de numismatique et fournitures pour numismates. [8] Her son, James Crofts (afterwards Duke of Monmouth and Duke of Buccleuch), was one of Charles's many illegitimate children who became prominent in British society.[2]. Charles's eldest son, the Duke of Monmouth, led a rebellion against James II, but was defeated at the Battle of Sedgemoor on 6 July 1685, captured and executed. [47] Clarendon fled to France when impeached for high treason (which carried the penalty of death). Those people who could sent their families away from London during these months, but the poor had no recourse but to stay. 1662: The next day the couple were married at Portsmouth in two ceremonies—a Catholic one conducted in secret, followed by a public Anglican service. As a result of the Second Dutch War, Charles dismissed Lord Clarendon, whom he used as a scapegoat for the war. 706. To lay foundations for a new beginning, envoys of the States General appeared in November 1660 with the Dutch Gift. Mercuric poisoning can produce irreversible kidney damage; however, the case for this being a cause of his death is unproven. Omissions? By Elizabeth Killigrew (1622–1680), daughter of Sir Robert Killigrew, married Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount Shannon, in 1660: By Barbara Villiers (1641–1709), wife of Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine and created Duchess of Cleveland in her own right: By Louise Renée de Penancoet de Kérouaille (1649–1734), created Duchess of Portsmouth in her own right (1673): By Mary 'Moll' Davis, courtesan and actress of repute:[97], Letters claiming that Marguerite or Margaret de Carteret bore Charles a son named James de la Cloche in 1646 are dismissed by historians as forgeries. Charles II était âgé de quatre ans à la mort de Philippe IV. In 1672, Charles issued the Royal Declaration of Indulgence, in which he purported to suspend all penal laws against Catholics and other religious dissenters. 2.) During the civil and military unrest that followed, George Monck, the Governor of Scotland, was concerned that the nation would descend into anarchy. Almost all of the ships were sunk except for the flagship, Royal Charles, which was taken back to the Netherlands as a prize. Etat de conservation: B à TB /TB. English history by Dion Clayton Calthrop. Charles II was born at St James's Palace on 29 May 1630. Charles’s reign opened with a 10-year regency under the queen mother, during which the government was preoccupied with combatting the ambitions of the French king Louis XIV in … This gathered Spanish support for a restoration in return for Charles's contribution to the war against France. However, with insufficient funds voted by Parliament, Charles was forced to gradually disband his troops. en fait venir sur un site de numismatique pour demander si on peut fondre des monnaies c'est comme débarquer dans une boutique vegan et commander un steack haché ! With Cromwell's forces threatening Charles's position in Scotland, it was decided to mount an attack on England. Evénement Zoom A great fire, however, destroyed Charles's lodgings at Newmarket, which forced him to leave the races early, thus inadvertently avoiding the planned attack. Charles accompanied his father during the Battle of Edgehill and, at the age of fourteen, participated in the campaigns of 1645, when he was made titular commander of the English forces in the West Country. Charles II entering London after the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, undated hand-coloured print. Charles's wife, Catherine of Braganza, bore no live children, but Charles acknowledged at least twelve illegitimate children by various mistresses. His safety was comfortless, however. Shortly after his restoration as English monarch in 1660, King Charles II granted the territory of Carolina to a number of supporters who had helped him regain the throne. Tout le monde savait alors que la ville était frappée par une épidémie de peste. Charles’s reign opened with a 10-year regency under the queen mother, during which the government was preoccupied with combatting the ambitions of the French king Louis XIV in … Depuis la fin du XIXe siècle, il n'existait pas, dans l'hi He was captured and executed. He was succeeded by his brother James. In 1665, he faced one of the biggest challenges of his monarchy - the Great Plague of London, in which the death toll rose to 7000 per week. Inscrit le : 15-07-2012 Messages : 3077 . Charles was one of the most popular and beloved kings of England,[1] known as the Merry Monarch, in reference to both the liveliness and hedonism of his court and the general relief at the return to normality after over a decade of rule by Cromwell and the Puritans. The official style of Charles II was "Charles the Second, by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, etc. Calendar of State Papers, Domestic - Charles II.Originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office, London, 1864. His political adaptability and his knowledge of men enabled him to steer his country through the convolutions of the struggle between Anglicans, Catholics, and Dissenters that marked much of his reign. In 1659, the Rump Parliament was recalled and Richard resigned. Charles was their second child. [42] On 23 June 1661, a marriage treaty was signed; England acquired Catherine's dowry of Tangier (in North Africa) and the Seven islands of Bombay (the latter having a major influence on the development of the British Empire in India), together with trading privileges in Brazil and the East Indies, religious and commercial freedom in Portugal and two million Portuguese crowns (about £300,000); while Portugal obtained military and naval support against Spain and liberty of worship for Catherine. Charles sided with the Tories, and, following the discovery of the Rye House Plot to murder Charles and James in 1683, some Whig leaders were executed or forced into exile. Despite the Stuart family connections through Henrietta Maria and the Princess of Orange, France and the Dutch Republic allied themselves with Cromwell's government from 1654, forcing Charles to leave France and turn for aid to Spain, which at that time ruled the Southern Netherlands. [16], Charles made the Treaty of Brussels with Spain in 1656. [2] England, Scotland, and Ireland were respectively predominantly Anglican, Presbyterian, and Catholic. L'Espagne de Charles II et la France 1665-1700 par Marie-Françoise Maquart aux éditions Pu du mirail. His vigorous attempts to save London during the Great Fire of September 1666 could not make up for the negligence and maladministration that led to England’s naval defeat in June 1667. [3] At birth, Charles automatically became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay, along with several other associated titles. But though the early years of tawdry dissipation have tarnished the romance of his adventures, not all his actions were discreditable. James was eventually dethroned in 1688, in the course of the Glorious Revolution. [2] Charles's heir presumptive was therefore his unpopular Catholic brother, James, Duke of York. Charleston, South Carolina, and South Kingstown, Rhode Island, are named after him. The unconditional nature of the settlement that took shape between 1660 and 1662 owed little to Charles’s intervention and must have exceeded his expectations. [40] Charles and his brother James joined and directed the fire-fighting effort. [48], In 1668, England allied itself with Sweden, and with its former enemy the Netherlands, to oppose Louis XIV in the War of Devolution. Rev. The actual terms were to be left to a free parliament, and on this provisional basis Charles was proclaimed king in May 1660. [17] The Commonwealth made the Treaty of Paris with France in 1657 to join them in war against Spain in the Netherlands. Charles II, king of Spain from 1665 to 1700 and the last monarch of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty. [69] Titus Oates was convicted and imprisoned for defamation. Sources. Il est le fils de la reine Henriette-Marie de France et du roi Charles Ier, exécuté au palais de Whitehall en 1649, au paroxysme de la première Révolution anglaise. Les meilleures offres pour Authentique 1665 Charles II John eamonson de Seacroft Leeds York document Scellé sont sur eBay Comparez les prix et les spécificités des produits neufs et d'occasion Pleins d'articles en livraison gratuite! Posté le : 20-11-2013, 17h07 . (2013). On 5 February, the Covenanter Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II "King of Great Britain, France and Ireland" at the Mercat Cross, Edinburgh,[9] but refused to allow him to enter Scotland unless he accepted the imposition of Presbyterianism throughout Britain and Ireland. The death toll reached a peak of 7,000 per week in the week of 17 September. An exclusive body of Anglican clergy and a well-armed landed gentry were the principal beneficiaries of Charles II’s restoration. A merry monarch, scandalous and poor.[86]. The major foreign policy issue of his early reign was the Second Anglo-Dutch War. [6] However, the royalist fleet that came under Charles's control was not used to any advantage, and did not reach Scotland in time to join up with the royalist Engager army of the Duke of Hamilton before it was defeated at the Battle of Preston by the Parliamentarians. Many of them were prosecuted and their estates seized, with Charles replacing judges and sheriffs at will and packing juries to achieve conviction. Clyde L. Gros, "The Anglo-Portuguese Marriage of 1662". )", "Charles II, 1672: An Act for preventing Dangers which may happen from Popish Recusants", "Charles II, 1678: (Stat. Read a biography about King Charles II whose restoration to the throne in 1660 marked the end of republican rule in England. Charles's hopes for a more moderate Parliament were not fulfilled; within a few months he had dissolved Parliament yet again, after it sought to pass the Exclusion Bill. [65], Fearing that the Exclusion Bill would be passed, and bolstered by some acquittals in the continuing Plot trials, which seemed to him to indicate a more favourable public mood towards Catholicism, Charles dissolved the English Parliament, for a second time that year, in mid-1679. "[91] The claim to France was only nominal, and had been asserted by every English monarch since Edward III, regardless of the amount of French territory actually controlled. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles fled to mainland Europe. To save Danby from the impeachment trial, Charles dissolved the Cavalier Parliament in January 1679. [7], At The Hague, Charles had a brief affair with Lucy Walter, who later falsely claimed that they had secretly married. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? Four or more generations of descendants of Charles II of England (1630-1685) if they are properly linked: 1. Tranche cordée. L'espagne De Charles Ii Et La France 1665-1700 pas cher : retrouvez tous les produits disponibles à l'achat dans notre catégorie Histoire, actualité, politique 4 Inquisition -- Spain -- Early works to 1800. Thus Charles emerged into precocious maturity, cynical, self-indulgent, skilled in the sort of moral evasions that make life comfortable even in adversity. Officially, the city recorded 68,596 deaths from the Great Plague, and the true death toll … Gender: Male Religion: Roman Catholic Race or. Updates? [44] The channel port, although a valuable strategic outpost, was a drain on Charles's limited finances.[e]. The anniversary of the Restoration (which was also Charles's birthday)—29 May—was recognised in England until the mid-nineteenth century as Oak Apple Day, after the Royal Oak in which Charles hid during his escape from the forces of Oliver Cromwell. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. À la mort de son père Philippe IV, en 1665, c'est un Charles II âgé de quatre ans qui accède au trône d'Espagne. [78] He was buried in Westminster Abbey "without any manner of pomp"[77] on 14 February.[79]. [40], Since 1640, Portugal had been fighting a war against Spain to restore its independence after a dynastic union of sixty years between the crowns of Spain and Portugal. Samuel Pepys on Clothes. The prospect of a Catholic monarch was vehemently opposed by Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury (previously Baron Ashley and a member of the Cabal, which had fallen apart in 1673). They appealed to King Charles II to confer the land in question to them, and in 1665 an amendment was made to the Charter of Carolina that stated the king was “graciously pleased to enlarge our said grant unto them.” The northern boundary was extended to what is … James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth (1649-1685) 3. Charles II, king of Spain from 1665 to 1700 and the last monarch of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty. Louis made peace with the Triple Alliance, but he continued to maintain his aggressive intentions towards the Netherlands. Managing these issues was damaged by Mariana's power struggle with Charles' illegitimate half-brother, John of Austria the Younge… The conflict began well for the English, with the capture of New Amsterdam (renamed New York in honour of Charles's brother James, Duke of York) and a victory at the Battle of Lowestoft, but in 1667 the Dutch launched a surprise attack on England (the Raid on the Medway) when they sailed up the River Thames to where a major part of the English fleet was docked. Louis agreed to aid him in the Third Anglo-Dutch War and pay him a pension, and Charles secretly promised to convert to Catholicism at an unspecified future date. The lesson considers the measures taken by King Charles II in response to the plague and the reactions of some of the people to these restrictions, as well as providing contemporary comment on the situation. King Charles II and his family left London for Salisbury. When the House of Lords attempted to impose the punishment of exile—which the Commons thought too mild—the impeachment became stalled between the two Houses. 1665 (October) Parliament met in Oxford rather than London. Dubbed the Cavalier Parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist and Anglican. Birthplace: Madrid, Spain Location of death: Madrid, Spain Cause of death: unspecified. In defiance of the royal will, the House of Commons declared that the dissolution of Parliament did not interrupt impeachment proceedings, and that the pardon was therefore invalid. Charles II, byname The Merry Monarch, (born May 29, 1630, London—died February 6, 1685, London), king of Great Britain and Ireland (1660–85), who was restored to the throne after years of exile during the Puritan Commonwealth. La question d’agrégation porte un titre, « Le siècle d’or en sursis. This led to internal political struggle within his family over who would call the shots. He was King of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651, and King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. L'Espagne de Charles II, une modernité paradoxale 1665-1700. His subjects resented paying taxes that were spent on his mistresses and their children,[83] many of whom received dukedoms or earldoms. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. Charles II, byname The Merry Monarch, (born May 29, 1630, London—died February 6, 1685, London), ... With the expensive disasters of the Anglo-Dutch War of 1665–67 the reputation of the restored king sank to its lowest level. Seulement quelques exemplaires frappés. Charles II of Spain was born November 6, 1661 and became king in 1665 at the tender young age of four. With Hyde’s help, Charles issued in April 1660 his Declaration of Breda, expressing his personal desire for a general amnesty, liberty of conscience, an equitable settlement of land disputes, and full payment of arrears to the army. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). 1665 (September) The plague continued with around 7,000 Londoners dying per week. Charles died after a stroke in 1685 with the problem still unresolved. Partly to assuage public fears that the royal family was too Catholic, Charles agreed that James's daughter, Mary, should marry the Protestant William of Orange. [43], The same year, in an unpopular move, Charles sold Dunkirk to his first cousin King Louis XIV of France for about £375,000. This was a plot to assassinate King Charles II and his brother James while they were at the races at Newmarket. [71], Charles suffered a sudden apoplectic fit on the morning of 2 February 1685, and died aged 54 at 11:45 am four days later at Whitehall Palace. [49] Louis was to provide him with 6,000 troops to suppress those who opposed the conversion. Charles II. Test your knowledge of the history of leadership with this quiz. Cromwell became virtual dictator of England, Scotland and Ireland. There would be pardons for nearly all his opponents except the regicides. (2015). 1 real 1697 l h. lima 1 real 1697 l h. lima. The bishops were restored to Parliament, which established a strict Anglican orthodoxy. D/ B. couronné et cuirassé à d. R/ Ecu couronné, entouré du collier de la Toison d''or. The questions encourage pupils to investigate the sources and make their own judgements on the evidence where possible. Essex slit his own throat while imprisoned in the Tower of London; Sydney and Russell were executed for high treason on very flimsy evidence; and the Duke of Monmouth went into exile at the court of William of Orange. During Charles's reign all legal documents stating a, From the death of his father to his defeat at the, All dates in this article unless otherwise noted are given in the. (Eds.). The years of his reign are known in English history as the Restoration period. His efforts to extend religious toleration to his Nonconformist and Roman Catholic subjects were sharply rebuffed in 1663, and throughout his reign the House of Commons was to thwart the more generous impulses of his religious policy. [20] Monck and his army marched into the City of London, and forced the Rump Parliament to re-admit members of the Long Parliament who had been excluded in December 1648, during Pride's Purge. With the expensive disasters of the Anglo-Dutch War of 1665–67 the reputation of the restored king sank to its lowest level. The power of the Cabal waned and that of Clifford's replacement, Lord Danby, grew. Spanish Netherlands, Charles II, Bruxelles, 1665, TTB+ Qualité présentée sur la photo : TTB+ Photo réelle de l'objet de collection que vous recevrez Theatre licences granted by Charles required that female parts be played by "their natural performers", rather than by boys as was often the practice before;[34] and Restoration literature celebrated or reacted to the restored court, which included libertines such as John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester. G.H. He was the personal patron of Sir Christopher Wren, the architect who helped rebuild London after the Great Fire and who constructed the Royal Hospital Chelsea, which Charles founded as a home for retired soldiers in 1682. Statutes of the Realm: Volume 5, 1628-80. [80], Charles had no legitimate children, but acknowledged a dozen by seven mistresses,[81] including five by Barbara Villiers, Lady Castlemaine, for whom the Dukedom of Cleveland was created. The Restoration was accompanied by social change. This biography offers detailed information about his childhood, life, works, achievements and timeline. In 1665 the Great Plague struck London killing over 60,000 people, and was followed in 1666 by the Fire of London which destroyed a large part of the city including St Paul’s cathedral. In: Harris, T., & Taylor, S. The Scottish army was routed by the English under Oliver Cromwell at Dunbar in September 1650, and in 1651 Charles’s invasion of England ended in defeat at Worcester. [64], Charles faced a political storm over his brother James, a Catholic, being next in line to the throne. Danby had publicly professed that he was hostile to France, but had reservedly agreed to abide by Charles's wishes. The lesson considers the measures taken by King Charles II in response to the plague and the reactions of some of the people to these restrictions, as well as providing contemporary comment on the situation. www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/charles_ii_king.shtml Charles's coat of arms as Prince of Wales was the royal arms (which he later inherited), differenced by a label of three points Argent. Covers the period from October 1665 to July 1666. Charles reluctantly promised that he would abide by the terms of a treaty agreed between him and the Scots Parliament at Breda, and support the Solemn League and Covenant, which authorised Presbyterian church governance across Britain. He never said a foolish thing, R/ Ecu couronné, soutenu par deux lions, entouré du collier de la Toison d''or. In 1648 he made strenuous efforts to save his father; and when, after Charles I’s execution in 1649, he was proclaimed Charles II by the Scots in defiance of the English republic, he was prepared to go to Scotland and swallow the stringently anti-Catholic and anti-Anglican Presbyterian Covenant as the price for alliance. Ils n’y revinrent qu’en février 1666. Professor Ronald Hutton summarises the polarised historiography: For the past hundred years, books on Charles II have been sharply divided into two categories. 344-1b; Delm. Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685)[c] was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Despite his son's diplomatic efforts to save him, King Charles I was beheaded in January 1649, and England became a republic. [22], The restrictions against royalist candidates and voters were widely ignored, and the elections resulted in a House of Commons that was fairly evenly divided on political grounds between Royalists and Parliamentarians and on religious grounds between Anglicans and Presbyterians. Numerous accounts of his adventures were published, particularly in the immediate aftermath of the Restoration. Shaftesbury's power base was strengthened when the House of Commons of 1679 introduced the Exclusion Bill, which sought to exclude the Duke of York from the line of succession. [90] Charles II is depicted extensively in art, literature and media. D/ B. cuirassé à d., les cheveux longs, portant le collier de la Toison d''or. 1,85 g. Charles's wife Queen Catherine was unable to produce an heir; her four pregnancies had ended in miscarriages and stillbirths in 1662, February 1666, May 1668 and June 1669. 1665-1700, L'Espagne de Charles II, une modernité paradoxale, Jean-Claude Zancarini, Classiques Garnier. [4] By spring 1646, his father was losing the war, and Charles left England due to fears for his safety. Charles Scott, Earl of Doncaster (1672-1674) 3. When a new Parliament assembled at Oxford in March 1681, Charles dissolved it for a fourth time after just a few days. The Scots forces were divided into royalist Engagers and Presbyterian Covenanters, who even fought each other. Découvrez et achetez L'Espagne de Charles II et la France : 1665 - 1700. GM 20K-135C 346-1b; Delm. Pannuti-Riccio 11; MIR 298/2. Academic historians have concentrated mainly on his activities as a statesman and emphasised his duplicity, self-indulgence, poor judgement and lack of an aptitude for business or for stable and trustworthy government. When negotiations with the Scots stalled, Charles authorised General Montrose to land in the Orkney Islands with a small army to threaten the Scots with invasion, in the hope of forcing an agreement more to his liking. The Corporation Act 1661 required municipal officeholders to swear allegiance;[32] the Act of Uniformity 1662 made the use of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer compulsory; the Conventicle Act 1664 prohibited religious assemblies of more than five people, except under the auspices of the Church of England; and the Five Mile Act 1665 prohibited expelled non-conforming clergymen from coming within five miles (8 km) of a parish from which they had been banished. James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (1674-1705) 4. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Charles-II-king-of-Great-Britain-and-Ireland, Undiscovered Scotland - Biography of Charles II, Westminster Abbey - Biography of Charles II, The Home of the Royal Family - Biography of Charles II, The History Learning Site - Biography of Charles II, English Monarchs - Biography of Charles II, Charles II - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Charles II - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), Charles Beauclerk, 1st duke of Saint Albans. LUXEMBOURG, Duché, Charles II (1665-1700), billon sou de Luxembourg, 1700, Anvers . [43] Catherine journeyed from Portugal to Portsmouth on 13–14 May 1662,[43] but was not visited by Charles there until 20 May. Who was the longest living monarch in Japanese history? CAROLVS II D G HISP NEAP REX Crowned coat of arms in Golden Fleece collar. The English Parliament recognised Charles as king by unanimous vote on 2 May 1660, and he was proclaimed king in London on 8 May, although royalists had recognised him as such since the execution of his father on 30 January 1649. BRABANT, Duché, Charles II (1665-1700), AV 8 souverains (ducaton en or), 1698, Anvers. Most Englishmen now favoured a return to a stable and legitimate monarchy, and, although more was known of Charles II’s vices than his virtues, he had, under the steadying influence of Edward Hyde, his chief adviser, avoided any damaging compromise of his religion or constitutional principles. [66] During the 1680s, however, popular support for the Exclusion Bill ebbed, and Charles experienced a nationwide surge of loyalty. To destroy opposition in London, Charles first disenfranchised many Whigs in the 1682 municipal elections, and in 1683 the London charter was forfeited. The Abhorrers—those who thought the Exclusion Bill was abhorrent—were named Tories (after a term for dispossessed Irish Catholic bandits), while the Petitioners—those who supported a petitioning campaign in favour of the Exclusion Bill—were called Whigs (after a term for rebellious Scottish Presbyterians). Charles's English parliament enacted laws known as the Clarendon Code, designed to shore up the position of the re-established Church of England. Charles acquiesced to the Clarendon Code even though he favoured a policy of religious tolerance. There would be liberty of conscience and Anglican church policy would not be harsh. Some even sought to confer the Crown on the Protestant Duke of Monmouth, the eldest of Charles's illegitimate children. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. The Cavalier Parliament opposed the Declaration of Indulgence on constitutional grounds by claiming that the king had no right to arbitrarily suspend laws passed by Parliament. Sir Christopher Wren was commissioned to rebuild the cathedral. Unfortunately for him, the House of Commons failed to view him as a reluctant participant in the scandal, instead believing that he was the author of the policy. [19], After the death of Cromwell in 1658, Charles's initial chances of regaining the Crown seemed slim; Cromwell was succeeded as Lord Protector by his son, Richard. Charles II became King of Spain at the age of three, after his father died in 1665. In 1670, he entered into the Treaty of Dover, an alliance with his cousin King Louis XIV of France. However, the new Lord Protector had little experience of either military or civil administration. Other legislation placed strict limits on the press and on public assembly, and the 1662 Act of Uniformity created controls of education. Le règne de Charles II (1665-1700) », et nous faisons figurer le lien pour accéder au texte définissant les … Charles II often suffered from ill health and much of his reign consisted of others ruling the country in his stead. The present Dukes of Buccleuch, Richmond, Grafton and St Albans descend from Charles in unbroken male line. [59] In 1678, Titus Oates, who had been alternately an Anglican and Jesuit priest, falsely warned of a "Popish Plot" to assassinate the king, even accusing the queen of complicity. The outbreak began in the late winter or early spring of 1665. Belgique. [23] The English Parliament resolved to proclaim Charles king and invite him to return, a message that reached Charles at Breda on 8 May 1660.