[...] She encouraged them to hope in Him who rewards trials borne with courage, sacrifices accomplished," and said: "We are not asked to sacrifice our faith like the early martyrs, but only our miserable lives; let us offer this little sacrifice to God with resignation". Upon the return to Paris, Elisabeth and Tourzel were escorted from the carriage to the palace by Barnave and Latour-Maubourg respectively and last, after the king, the queen and the royal children; while the crowd had greeted the king with silence, the queen with dislike and the children with cheers, there was no particular public reaction to Elisabeth and Tourzel.[6]. [14] One of her co-accused was reprieved from execution because of pregnancy. In December 1697, the son of the Dauphin Louis de France married Princess Marie-Adélaïde of Savoy, eldest daughter of Philippe's half sister Anne Marie. During the trial against Marie Antoinette, accusations of molestation of her son were brought against her, accusations which her son seemed to confirm when he was questioned, and which were directed also against Élisabeth, and Marie Antoinette alluded to them in her letter, in which she asked Élisabeth to forgive her son: "I must speak to you of something very painful to my heart. "[6] Elizabeth de Courtenay was the daughter of Renaud de Courtenay, Seigneur de Courtenay and Hedwige de Donjon.2,1 She married Pierre de Courtenay, son of Louis VI, Roi de France and Adelaide di … Guillaume Dubois, formerly tutor to the Duke of Orléans, and now his chief minister, caused war to be declared against Spain, with the support of Austria, England and the Netherlands (Quadruple Alliance). Biography Edit. But the inquisitorial measures which he had begun against the financiers led to disturbances, notably in the province of Brittany where a rebellion known as the Pontcallec Conspiracy unfolded. Elizabeth de Courtenay1 . [6], She often visited her aunt, Louise of France, at the Carmelite convent of St. Denis. "[6], However, Chaumette alluded to the Temple as "a special, exceptional, and aristocratic refuge, contrary to the spirit of equality proclaimed by the Republic [...] representing to the General Council of the Commune the absurdity of keeping three persons in the Temple Tower, who caused extra service and excessive expense",[6] and Hébert insisted on her execution. In 1692, Philippe married his first cousin, Françoise Marie de Bourbon – the youngest legitimised daughter (légitimée de France) of Philippe's uncle Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan. Two years later its aims were revived in the Pontcallec Conspiracy, four leaders of which were executed. Ancestors Her marriage was arranged by her maternal uncle Philippe Count of Flanders while he was adviser to Philippe II King of France in 1180 after the latter's accession, with Artois as her dowry. During this time he opened up diplomatic channels with Russia which resulted in a state visit by Tsar Peter the Great. Male-line ancestor of Philippe Egalité, Louis Philippe I, King of the French, and of the modern Orléanist pretenders to the crown of France. Louise Élisabeth of France was interred at the Royal Basilica of Saint-Denis beside her twin sister Henriette. Philippe I Capet-Bourbon of Orléans was born 21 September 1640 to Louis XIII of France (1601-1643) and Anna Maria Mauricia of Spain (1601-1666) and died 9 July 1701 of unspecified causes. Ferdinand (1751-1802), ... rapprochait Louise-Élisabeth et Philippe du trône espagnol. Philippe II, Công tước xứ Orleans (Philippe Charles; 2 tháng 8 năm 1674 - 2 tháng 12 năm 1723), là thành viên của gia đình hoàng gia Pháp và từng là Nhiếp chính của Vương quốc từ 1715 đến 1723.Sinh ra tại cung điện của cha ông tại Saint-Cloud, ông được biết đến từ … In fact, the Dauphin died of smallpox, the Duc de Berry in a riding accident and the others of measles, but they did great damage to Orléans' reputation, and even Louis XIV seems to have at least half-believed them. In March 1661, his father married his first cousin Princess Henrietta Anne of England, known as Madame at court; she was the sister of Charles II. HM Juan Carlos' 4-Great Grandfather. Élisabeth Charlotte and Philippe would always remain close.[3]. She is regarded by the Roman Catholic Church as a martyr and is venerated as a Servant of God.[3][4]. It was directed in France by the Prince of Cellamare, the Spanish ambassador, with the complicity of the Duchess of Orléans' older brother, the duc du Maine, and Anne Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon, the latter's wife. Nine months earlier, on Christmas 1639, Louis XIII had uttered the very unusual desire to spent the whole night in the company of his wife. In contrast to the queen, Madame Élisabeth had a good reputation among the public, and was referred to as the "Sainte Genevieve of the Tuileries" by the market women of Las Halles. Her defender Chauveau-Laofarde later recollected his speech in her defense: Dumas replied to her defender's "audacity to speak of what he called the pretended virtues of the Accused and to have thus corrupted public morality", and then held his speech to the Jury: The Jury declared Elisabeth and all of her 24 co-accused guilty as charged, after which the Tribunal, "according to the fourth Article of the second part of the Penal Code",[6] condemned them to death and to be guillotined the following day. The decision had been taken by the Duke of Orléans who, after the fall of Law's System, was feeling the loss of his personal popularity in Paris. Before leaving the Feuillants, Elisabeth said to Pauline de Tourzel: "Dear Pauline, we know your discretion and your attachment for us. [15], When she left court, Fouquier-Tinville remarked to the President: "One must allow that she has not uttered a complaint", upon which Dumas replied: "Of what should Elizabeth of France complain? On 25 August 1715, a few days before his death, Louis XIV added a codicil to his will: He sent for the Chancellor and wrote a last codicil to his will, in the presence of Mme de Maintenon. Months before the death of Louis XIV, Philippe was present at the Persian embassy to Louis XIV. Filip al II-lea, Duce de Orléans (n.2 august 1674 - d. 23 decembrie 1723) a fost regent al Franței pentru Ludovic al XV-lea din 1715 până în 1723.. S-a născut la Saint-Cloud, ca fiul lui Filip al Franței, duce de Orléans și al celei de-a doua soții, Charlotte Elisabeth, Prințesă Palatină.A fost nepotul regelui Ludovic al XIV-lea al Franței. Élisabeth, who had turned thirty a week before her death, was executed essentially because she was a sister of the king;[22] however, the general consensus of the French revolutionaries was that she was a supporter of the ultra-right royalist faction. The diamond was known from then on as Le Régent. In March 1721, the Infanta Mariana Victoria arrived in Paris amid much joy. The learned Professor shared his botanical studies in his garden with the Princess, and even his experiments in his laboratory; and Mme Elizabeth in return associated her old friend with her in her charities, and made him her almoner in the village. Relating to the accusation that she had encouraged the Swiss Guard and the royalist defender against the attackers during the 10 August, she was asked: [9] The ceremony was described: "Mme Elizabeth accompanied by the Princesse de Guéménée, the under governesses, and the ladies in attendance, went to the King's apartments, and there Mme de Guéménée formally handed over her charge to His Majesty, who sent for Mme la Comtesse Diane de Polignac, maid of honour to the Princess and Mme la Marquise de Sereat, her lady-in-waiting, into whose care he gave Mme Nonetheless, on 18 February 1692, the cousins were married.[7]. Monsieur had the bliss, he would probably call it misfortune, to be married twice. I assure you, my dear Maret, that, far from being the cause of the death of Mme Elizabeth, I wished to save her. By this arrangement they became the sole masters of the person and residence of the King; of Paris ... and all the internal and external guard; of the entire service ... so much so that the Regent did not have even the shadow of the slightest authority and found himself at their mercy.[19]. Pasquin, at the age of 36 years, was also sentenced to death for his own alleged part in the conspiracy of 10 August 1792, and executed on 6 February. The last two occurred. The match was negotiated as part of the Treaty of Turin, which ended Franco-Savoyard conflict during the Nine Years' War. Philippe I Capet-Bourbon of Orléans was born 21 September 1640 to Louis XIII of France (1601-1643) and Anna Maria Mauricia of Spain (1601-1666) and died 9 July 1701 of unspecified causes. Symbole d'une alliance avec l'Espagne non souhaitée par son père mais désirée par sa mère Marie de Médicis, princesse italienne dont la mère était une Habsbourg, par les Concini, favoris de sa mère, et par le parti dévot français, elle est \"échangée\" contre l'infante espagnole Anne d'Autriche qui quitte son Espagne natale pour épouser Louis XIII, frère dÉlisabeth. [6], At the foot of the guillotine, there was a bench for the condemned who were to depart the cart and wait on the bench before their execution. She commented in a letter: In June 1791, she accompanied the royal family on its unsuccessful escape attempt, which was stopped at Varennes, where they were forced to return to Paris. The real power would be in the hands of the duc du Maine, who was also appointed guardian of the young sovereign.[18]. Philippe de France, duc d'Orléans, vs Philippe de France, Duke of Orléans; Adélaïde de France, duchesse de Louvois vs Adélaïde de France, Duchess of Louvois." Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans, "Grandson of France" (Philippe Charles; 2 August 1674 – 2 December 1723) was a member of the royal family of France and served as "Regent of the Kingdom" from 1715 to 1723. Élisabeth was tried with 24 accused accomplices (ten of whom were women), though she was placed "at the top of the seats" during the trial and thus more visible than the rest. There existed a party of malcontents who wished to transfer the regency from Orléans to his cousin, the young king's uncle, King Philip V of Spain. He was not allowed to see her that day, as he was told by Fouquier-Tinville that she would not be tried for some time and there would be plenty of time to confer with her. [6], While Clothilde was described as a docile pupil "who made herself loved by all who approached her", Élisabeth long refused to study, saying that "there were always people at hand whose duty it was to think for Princes", and treated her staff with impatience. His father having gained military distinction in the Battle of Cassel and during the decisive French victory against William III of England, Chartres would similarly demonstrate military prowess. The Berry couple would have no children that lived more than a year. Madrid, Spain Élisabeth departed the cart first, refusing the help of the executioner, but was to be the last to be called upon, which resulted in her witnessing the death of all the others. In order to comfort them I had no need to enquire into the origin of their misfortunes. Marie Antoinette reportedly found Élisabeth delightful when she first entered court as an adult: "The Queen is enchanted with her. M. de la Rochefoucauld described them: When Elisabeth saw the crowd she reportedly said: "All those people are misled. The Duke of Bourbon took on the role of Prime Minister of France. Philippe II Auguste Capet, Roi de France was born on 21 August 1165 at Gonesse, Île-de-France, France G. 2 He was the son of Louis VII, Roi des Francs and Adele de Champagne. [9] In spite of this, they had eight children (see below). After some successes of the French marshal, the Duke of Berwick, in Spain, and of the imperial troops in Sicily, Philip V made peace with the regent (1720). 3.2. Louis XV mourned him greatly. As the granddaughter of the king, she was a Petite-Fille de France. Louise-Élisabeth de France (1727 - 1759), fille de France, ... qui épousa en 1760 le futur empereur Joseph II (1741-1790) (frère de Marie-Antoinette d'Autriche, reine de France). "[6], On 20 February 1792, Élisabeth accompanied the queen to the Italian Theatre, which was remembered as the last time the queen made such a visit and was applauded in public, and she also attended the official celebrations after the king signed the new constitution, and the Federation celebration of 14 July 1792. "[6] The King did not allow her to spend her nights at Montreuil until she was twenty-four, but she normally spent her entire days there from morning Mass until she returned to Versailles to sleep. Élisabeth Philippine Marie Hélène de France[1], Daughter of France, known as Madame Élisabeth, (3 May 1764 – 10 May 1794), was the youngest sister of King Louis XVI of France. Upon the death of the prince de Condé in 1709, the rank of Premier Prince du Sang passed from the House of Condé to the House of Orléans. [4],[1] Philippe I, Roi de France also went by the nick-name of Philippe 'the Fair'. She was a twin to her sister Henriette de France. She was reportedly dressed in white and she attracted a great deal of attention, but was described as serene and calming on the rest. The service was conducted by the Cardinal de Bouillon—a member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne. [6] The court life at the Tuileries was described as subdued. Adélaïde and Victoire, in the château de Bellevue. During the trial, the same questions were made to her as during the interrogation, and she answered in much the same way. Philippe was the result. The Duke of Chartres grew up at his father's "private" court held at Saint-Cloud, and in Paris at the Palais-Royal, the Parisian residence of the Orléans family until the arrest of Philippe Égalité in April 1793 during the French Revolution. [6] [citation needed] Several biographies have been published of her in French, while extensive treatment of her life is given in Antonia Fraser's biography of Marie Antoinette and Deborah Cadbury's investigative biography of Louis XVII. Her former tutor Lemonnier was her neighbor at Montreuil, and she named him her almoner to distribute her charity in the village: "There grew up a constant interchange of interests between them. On 2 June 1686 Chartres was invested with the Order of the Holy Spirit at Versailles; on the same day his future brother-in-law, Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine, also joined the order as did his cousins Louis III, prince de Condé and François Louis, Prince de Conti. "[6], The royal court was warned that there would be an attack on the palace, and royalist noblemen gathered there to defend the royal family on 9 August, sleeping everywhere they could find a place. He countenanced the risky operations of the banker John Law, whose bankruptcy led to the Mississippi bubble, a disastrous crisis for the public and private affairs of France. These rumors were never confirmed, although the duke reacted to them by demonstrating affectionate behavior towards her at court. Constant wars with many of the major powers in Europe rendered a significant marriage with a foreign princess unlikely, or so Louis XIV told his brother, Monsieur, when persuading him to accept the king's legitimised daughter, Françoise Marie de Bourbon (known as Mademoiselle de Blois), as wife for Philippe. "Did you not, take care of and dress the wounds of the assassins who were sent to the Champs Elysees against the brave Marseillais by your brother? [6] She became devoted to the children of the king and queen, in particular the first dauphin and Marie Thérèse of France. I gave succour to several of the wounded. His distraught mother was pregnant at the time with Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (1676–1744), future Duchess and regent of Lorraine. He married Elisabeth Charlotte von der Pfalz (1652-1722) 1671 . Élisabeth Philippe Marie Hélène de France, dite Madame Élisabeth, née le 3 mai 1764 à Versailles et morte guillotinée le 10 mai 1794 à Paris. In monarchist circles, her exemplary private life elicited much admiration. Later he went to Spain and took part in the Battle of Almansa, a major step in the consolidation of Spain under the Bourbons (1707), where he achieved some important successes. Élisabeth of France (Élisabeth Philippe Marie Hélène de France; May 3, 1764 – May 10, 1794), known as Madame Élisabeth, was a French princess and the youngest sibling of King Louis XVI. Louise Élisabeth was born at the Palace of Versailles. Born at his father's palace at Saint-Cloud, he was known from birth under the title of Duke of Chartres. She attended the opening of the National Assembly at Versailles on 22 February 1787 and commented: Élisabeth and her brother Charles-Philippe, comte d'Artois, were the staunchest conservatives in the royal family. [17] At the time of the Restoration, her brother Louis XVIII searched for her remains, only to discover that the bodies interred there had decomposed to a state where they could no longer be identified. "[6] Élisabeth, however, was close to her aunts, the Mesdames de France, who were members of the anti-Austrian party at court, noted for their animosity toward the queen and deeply opposed to her informal reforms in court life,[10] Humanity alone prompted me to dress their wounds. Records may include photos, original documents, family history, relatives, specific dates, locations and full names. Marie Louise Élisabeth de France, eldest child of King Louis XV of France and his wife Queen Marie Leszczynska, was born at the Palace of Versailles. Place of death. Voir plus d'idées sur le thème reine élisabeth ii, royauté, élisabeth ii. The princess was declared a Servant of God and the cause for beatification was officially introduced on 23 December 1953 by Cardinal Maurice Feltin. Madame Henriette died at Saint-Cloud in 1670; rumors abounded that she had been poisoned by her husband or his long-term lover, the Chevalier de Lorraine; the two would remain together till the death of the Duke of Orléans in 1701. She is regarded by the Roman Catholic Church as a martyr and is venerated as a Servant of God. She remained beside the king and his family during the French Revolution and was executed at Place de la Révolution in Paris during the Terror. Philippe II d'Orléans, Duc d'Orléans was born on 2 August 1674 at Saint-Cloud, Île-de-France, France. [6] Her advice was countered by Necker, and she retired to the queen's apartments. You are going to enjoy the joys of heaven, and you wish him to remain on this earth, where there is now only torments and sorrow! During the journey, Elizabeth spoke to Barnave for several hours in an attempt to justify the attempted escape of the king and describe his views of the revolution, which was in part described in the memoirs of Tourzel: Potion for his part famously described Élisabeth as attracted by him during the journey: Élisabeth herself later alluded to this in a letter by commenting that she remembered "certain strange remarks of his during the journey from Varennes. At the end of the ceremony, he threw himself in the arms of Orléans.[25]. He acted in plays of Molière and Racine, composed an opera, and was a gifted painter and engraver. Philippe de Rothschild was born on April 13, 1902 in Paris, France as Georges Philippe de Rothschild. Initially on the first floor beside the queen, she swapped with the Princesse de Lamballe to the second floor in the Pavillon de Flore[8] after some fish market women had climbed into her apartment through the windows.[6]. [8] Madame de Montespan had not been invited to the wedding of her daughter. The couple were the parents of two dauphins of France, Louis, Duke of Brittany, who died in 1712, and Louis, Duke of Anjou, the future Louis XV. At the sudden death of her father in 1765, Élisabeth's oldest surviving brother, Louis Auguste (later to be Louis XVI) became the new Dauphin (the heir apparent to the French throne). When Commissary Eudes stated that she would not return, she told Marie-Therese to show courage and trust in God. During the following day, awaiting the attack, the queen, accompanied by the royal children, Elisabeth and the princesse de Lamballe, went about the palace to encourage the defenders, and then followed the king when he inspected the guards in the interior of the palace – they did however not accompany him when he visited the guards posted outside of the palace.[6]. [1] Philippe had died at Saint-Cloud after an argument with Louis XIV at Marly about Chartres' flaunting his pregnant mistress, Marie-Louise de Séry, before Françoise Marie. It was that wretch Collot d'Herbois who snatched her from me."[6]. The king offered a dowry of two million livres with his daughter's hand (not to be paid until the Nine Years' War was over),[2]:41 as well as the Palais-Royal for the bridegroom's parents. Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (Philippe Charles; 2 August 1674 – 2 December 1723), was a member of the royal family of France and served as Regent of the Kingdom from 1715 to 1723. "[6], Several attempts were made to arrange a marriage for her. Male-line ancestor of Philippe Egalité, Louis Philippe I, King of the French, and of the modern Orléanist pretenders to the crown of France. She was the sixth daughter and eighth child of Louis XV of France and his Queen consort Marie Leszczyńska. She made no objections to the match, but was reportedly relieved when the negotiations were discontinued. [16], Reportedly, her execution caused some emotion by the bystanders, who did not cry "Vive la Republique" at this occasion, which was otherwise common. Elizabeth. Born at his father's palace at Saint-Cloud, he was known from birth under the title of Duke of Chartres. "[6], She reportedly successfully comforted and strengthened the morale of her fellow prisoners before their impending execution with religious arguments, and by her own example of calmness: "She spoke to them with inexpressible gentleness and calm, dominating their mental suffering by the serenity of her look, the tranquility of her appearance, and the influence of her words. His uncle, the future. Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun: Elisabeth-Philippe-Marie-Hélène de France, dite Madame Elisabeth Artist Élisabeth Louise Vigée Le Brun (1755–1842) And in the books you quoted, there are many instances where the author uses de France or where de France appears = is printed in a book in English. [5] Dubois had entered Philippe's household in 1683 as his "under-preceptor". Her mother was the sister of Louis XIII, her father the deposed Charles I, her brother Charles II a King without a Kingdom…. (3) He was the son of Philippe I, Duc d'Orléans and Elisabeth Charlotte Pfalzgräfin von Simmern. For example, Philippe learned physics and mathematics from Joseph Sauveur; and from Étienne Loulié[6] he learned musical notation, elementary musical theory, plus the basics of playing the viol and the recorder. Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (13 September 1676 – 24 December 1744) mairit Léopold o Lorraine, Duke o Lorraine an haed issue. Sister of King Louis XVI and Servant of God, Only includes Princesses of the House of Bourbon before the, Woodacre, Elena: Queenship in the Mediterranean: Negotiating the Role of the Queen in the Medieval and Early Modern Eras (2013). [edit]Mademoiselle de Chartres Wormeley. Notable ancestors includeCharlemagne (747-814), Alfred the Great (849-899), Henry II … Mme de Maintenon would have preferred Philip V [King of Spain] to be Regent and the duc du Maine to be Lieutenant Général and consequently in control. He married Henrietta Anne Stuart (1644-1670) 1661 . In August 1775, her sister Clothilde left France for her marriage to the crown prince of Sardinia. She refused a public defender, but seemed to have named Claude François Chauveau-Laofarde as her defensor, as he was called by someone claiming to be sent by her. Élisabeth of France (Élisabeth Philippe Marie Hélène de France; 3 May 1764 – 10 May 1794), known as Madame Élisabeth, was a French princess and the youngest sibling of King Louis XVI. The deaths within three years of the Dauphin, two of his three sons, his daughter-in-law and the little Duke of Brittany led to widespread rumours that Orléans had poisoned them all to gain the throne. [2]:56 It has also been claimed that Philippe became so infuriated with Louis for not paying his daughter's dowry that he suffered a stroke.[13]. "[6], Élisabeth was executed along with the 23 men and women who had been tried and condemned at the same time as she, and reportedly conversed with Mme de Senozan and Mme de Crussol on the way. They were then released whereupon Philippe left France, moving to England, to join the Free French Forces and supported General Charles de … N, bâtarde d'Orléans (c. 1688 – ), married Henri de Charency, By Florence Pellegrin, dite la Florence, a dancer at the. En tant que roi d'Espagne, il est à la tête des possessions espagnoles extra-européennes, principalement en Amérique, qui lui assurent des ressources considérables. Élisabeth commented on the journey to Marie-Angélique de Bombelles: After their return, the king, the queen and the dauphin (and also his governess Tourzel) were placed under surveillance, but no guards were tasked with the surveillance of the king's daughter or sister, and Elisabeth was in fact free to leave any time she wished, but she chose to stay with her brother and sister-in-law, according to Tourzel, as "their consolation during their captivity. Philippe favoured Jansenism which, despite papal condemnation, was accepted by the French bishops, and he revoked Louis XIV's compliance with the bull Unigenitus. [6], In the Tuileries, Élisabeth was housed in the Pavillon de Flore. Her last letter, written in the early hours of the day of her execution, was addressed to Élisabeth, but never reached her. Think of his age and of how easy it is to make a child say what one wants and what he does not even understand. Forgive him, my dear sister. [2] Philippe was greatly affected by his mother's death. Her relationship to queen Marie Antoinette was complicated, as they were quite dissimilar. She married Philip II of Spain, who had requested her in marriage for his son Charles (Treaty… "Madame," was his reply, "we answer for it that we will die at their side; that is all we can guarantee. I desire their conversion, but not their punishment. On 10 August 1792, when insurgents attacked the Tuileries, the king and queen were advised by Roederer to leave the palace and seek refuge in the Legislative Assembly for their own safety, as it would be impossible to defend the palace. [7] They were tutored in botany by M. Lemonnier, in history and geography by M. Leblond, and in religion by Abbé de Montigat, Canon of Chartres, and they followed the court among the royal palaces, with their days divided between studies, walks in the Park, and drives in the forest. Marie Isabelle d'Orléans (17 December 1693 – 17 October 1694) died in infancy. [9], Finally, a marriage was suggested between her and her brother-in-law Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, who had a good impression of her from his visit to France the previous year, and commented that he was attracted by the "vivacity of her intellect and her amiable character. Each course of study taught the duc de Chartres the "principles" or "elements" of a subject. Madame de Marsan would often take her to visit the students at St. Cyr, where select young ladies were presented to be introduced to the princess. Philippe disapproved of the hypocrisy of Louis XIV's reign and opposed censorship, ordering the reprinting of books banned during the reign of his uncle. On 5 October 1789, Élisabeth saw the Women's March on Versailles from Montreuil, and immediately returned to the Palace of Versailles. [citation needed], Élisabeth and her elder sister Clothilde were raised by Madame de Marsan, Governess to the Children of France. [14] But the rank of petit-fils de France being higher than that of premier prince, Philippe did not change his style; nor did his son or other heirs make use of the Monsieur le Prince style, which had been so long associated with the cadet branch of the Princes de Condé that the heads of the House of Orléans preferred to be known at court by their ducal title. He was yielding, out of sheer fatigue, to his wife and confessor, probably with the reservation that his extraordinary action would be set aside after his death, like the will itself. Teetles an styles [6], Her trial was conducted by Rene Francois Dumas, President of the Tribunal, supported by the Judges Gabriel, Deliege, and Antoine Marie Maire. In the following year, the Duke of Orléans wed Princess Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, only daughter of Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and Landgravine Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel. Finally, in 1693 the prince studied composition with Marc-Antoine Charpentier. 41. She asked for Marie Antoinette, upon which one of the female prisoners said to her, "Madame, your sister has suffered the same fate that we ourselves are about to undergo. [6], Next, she was offered a proposal by the Duke of Aosta (future Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia), brother of the crown prince of Savoy and brother-in-law of her sister Clothilde. When she heard this, Elisabeth asked Roederer: "Monsieur Roederer, you will answer for the lives of the King and Queen?" Élisabeth's remains, with that of other victims of the guillotine (including Robespierre, also buried at the Errancis Cemetery) were later placed in the Catacombs of Paris. The first suggested partner was Jose, Prince of Brazil. "[6] [6], After the interrogation, she was escorted to a single cell. The young couple, mismatched from the start, never grew to like each other, and soon the young Philippe gave his wife the nickname of Madame Lucifer.